A Survey on Reversible Image Data Hiding Using the Hierarchical Block Embedding Technique

Aman Khare; Naveen Khare

Aman Khare Babulal Tarabai Institute of Research and Technology, Sagar (MP), India
Naveen Khare Babulal Tarabai Institute of Research & Technology, Sagar (M.P), India

Keywords: Reversible Data Hiding (RDH), Block Histogram Shifting (BHS), Histogram Modification, Image Encryption, Image Decryption, Image Recovery, PSNR, MSE

Abstract

The use of graphics for data concealment has significantly advanced the fields of secure communication and identity verification. Reversible data hiding (RDH) involves hiding data within host media, such as images, while allowing for the recovery of the original cover. Various RDH approaches have been developed, including difference expansion, interpolation techniques, prediction, and histogram modification. However, these methods were primarily applied to plain photos. This study introduces a novel reversible image transformation technique called Block Hierarchical Substitution (BHS). BHS enhances the quality of encrypted images and enables lossless restoration of the secret image with a low Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). The cover image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and the pixel values within each block are encrypted using the modulo function. This ensures that the linear prediction difference in the block remains consistent before and after encryption, enabling independent data extraction without picture decryption. In order to address the challenges associated with secure multimedia data processing, such as data encryption during transmission and storage, this survey investigates the specific issues related to reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI). Our proposed solution aims to enhance security (low Mean Squared Error) and improve the PSNR value by applying the method to encrypted images.

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